{"id":6793,"date":"2025-01-10T11:23:00","date_gmt":"2025-01-10T08:23:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/?p=6793"},"modified":"2025-01-13T23:30:50","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T20:30:50","slug":"confronto-tra-le-giurisdizioni-per-la-costituzione-di-una-societa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/it\/business-in-estonia\/taxes\/comparison-of-jurisdictions-to-establish-a-company\/","title":{"rendered":"Confronto tra le giurisdizioni per la costituzione di una societ\u00e0 - Germania, Spagna, Portogallo, Estonia"},"content":{"rendered":"<div  class='flex_column av-3er6q1l-db1c78ab9b7196eaea9beb06939950c2 av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div  '     ><\/div>\n<div  class='flex_column av-3cxpgxl-c38c66f93d598c4a9552cb6e50ec4a02 av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_one_fifth  flex_column_div  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-llyxlkcx-ece0cb1f0095c656e7e6c51061af337c\">\n.avia-image-container.av-llyxlkcx-ece0cb1f0095c656e7e6c51061af337c img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-llyxlkcx-ece0cb1f0095c656e7e6c51061af337c .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-llyxlkcx-ece0cb1f0095c656e7e6c51061af337c av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-2  el_before_av_heading  avia-builder-el-first '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-6846 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-6846 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/comparison-of-jurisdictions-to-establish-a-company-germany-spain-portugal-estonia.jpg\" alt='comparison of jurisdictions to establish a company germany, spain, portugal, estonia' title='comparison of jurisdictions to establish a company germany, spain, portugal, estonia'  height=\"787\" width=\"1400\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/comparison-of-jurisdictions-to-establish-a-company-germany-spain-portugal-estonia.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/comparison-of-jurisdictions-to-establish-a-company-germany-spain-portugal-estonia-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/comparison-of-jurisdictions-to-establish-a-company-germany-spain-portugal-estonia-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/comparison-of-jurisdictions-to-establish-a-company-germany-spain-portugal-estonia-705x396.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-llywqrm3-a968079a00f1e6fc403a92b3f8723cb0\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-llywqrm3-a968079a00f1e6fc403a92b3f8723cb0{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-llywqrm3-a968079a00f1e6fc403a92b3f8723cb0 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-llywqrm3-a968079a00f1e6fc403a92b3f8723cb0 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-llywqrm3-a968079a00f1e6fc403a92b3f8723cb0 av-special-heading-h1 blockquote modern-quote modern-centered  avia-builder-el-3  el_after_av_image  el_before_av_hr '><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Evaluating the ideal jurisdiction to establish a company? <\/h1><div class='av-subheading av-subheading_below'><p>Compare various jurisdictions to make an educated choice.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-llyxaze2-50917c443f07da295c9dd84a9f1bebb8\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-llyxaze2-50917c443f07da295c9dd84a9f1bebb8{\nheight:50px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-llyxaze2-50917c443f07da295c9dd84a9f1bebb8 hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_heading  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-llywjxxv-3ac674ab182921b5334094601c91d482 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Choosing the right jurisdiction to establish a company is crucial for businesses aiming to optimize their tax benefits and operational efficiencies. This article provides a comprehensive comparison of the corporate tax structures, benefits, and types of entities available in various countries. Dive in to understand which jurisdiction aligns best with your business goals.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Tooltip:<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u2605 <em>Further information available. Hover over for more information<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-3c51nvd-9339c284cfa1da5a78410cd9060fbed6\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-3c51nvd-9339c284cfa1da5a78410cd9060fbed6{\nheight:50px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-3c51nvd-9339c284cfa1da5a78410cd9060fbed6 hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><\/p><\/div>\n<div  class='flex_column av-39zit6x-0b07da3c709a3b2d692a1bff187e4c23 av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-7  el_after_av_three_fifth  el_before_av_table  flex_column_div  '     ><\/div>\n<div class='avia-data-table-wrap av-b59ntl-2c2d95bd2c56c27f5a1cc0378841d352 avia_responsive_table avia-table-1'><table  class='avia-table avia-data-table avia_pricing_minimal  avia-builder-el-8  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_one_fifth '  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Table\" ><tbody><tr class='avia-heading-row'><th class='avia-desc-col'><\/th><th class=''>\ud83c\uddf5\ud83c\uddf9 PORTUGAL<\/th><th class=''>\ud83c\uddea\ud83c\uddf8 SPAIN<\/th><th class='avia-highlight-col'>\ud83c\uddea\ud83c\uddea ESTONIA<\/th><th class=''>\ud83c\udde9\ud83c\uddea GERMANY<\/th><th class=''>\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf8 DELAWARE<\/th><th class=''>\ud83c\uddee\ud83c\uddea IRELAND<\/th><\/tr><tr class=''><th class='avia-desc-col'>Corporation Tax:<\/th><td class=''>\u2605 <\/p>\n<div class=\"tooltip\">25,5%-31,5% <span class=\"tooltiptext\">[21% + 1,5% Derrama local tax + 3%-5%-9% Derrama state tax] <\/span><\/div>\n<p><\/td><td class=''>\u2605<\/p>\n<div class=\"tooltip\">25% <span class=\"tooltiptext\">payable with advance payment system. 24% for companies with turnover >10mln euro <\/span><\/div>\n<p><\/td><td class='avia-highlight-col'>0%<br \/>\n(22% only when profits are distributed)<\/td><td class=''>\u2605 <\/p>\n<div class=\"tooltip\">31%-37% <span class=\"tooltiptext\">=15,825% (15% K\u00f6rperschaftsteuer + 5,5% Social tax on K\u00f6rperschaftsteuer)] + [3,5% Trade Tax (Municipal tax set by the Federal Government for profits >24,500\u20ac of partnerships and self-employed) * Municipal Multiplier %] <br \/> Municipal Multiplier % <\/span><\/div>\n<p> *see example calculation below<\/td><td class=''>From 0%<\/td><td class=''>12,5%<\/td><\/tr><tr class=''><th class='avia-desc-col'>Corporation Tax SMEs: <\/th><td class=''>\u2605 <\/p>\n<div class=\"tooltip\">21,5%-27,5% <span class=\"tooltiptext\">=[17% + 1,5% Derrama local tax + 3%-5%-9% Derrama state tax] <br \/> Reduced corporate tax rates are provided for investments in the Autonomous Region of Madeira and in the Autonomous Region of the Azores <\/span><\/div>\n<p><\/td><td class=''>17%<\/td><td class='avia-highlight-col'>0%<br \/>\n(22% only when profits are distributed)<\/td><td class=''>31%-37%<\/td><td class=''>From 0%<\/td><td class=''>12,5%<\/td><\/tr><tr class=''><th class='avia-desc-col'>Capital Gains Tax<\/th><td class=''>\u2605 <\/p>\n<div class=\"tooltip\">0% <span class=\"tooltiptext\"> on sales of securities and shares of entities in EU, EEA and DTT countries<\/span><\/div>\n<p><\/td><td class=''>\u2605 <\/p>\n<div class=\"tooltip\">5% <span class=\"tooltiptext\"> on sales of securities and shares of resident and non-resident companies<\/span><\/div>\n<p><\/td><td class='avia-highlight-col'>22% (in form of income tax)<\/td><td class=''>5%<\/td><td class=''>From 0%<\/td><td class=''>33%<\/td><\/tr><tr class=''><th class='avia-desc-col'>VAT<\/th><td class=''>\u2605 <\/p>\n<div class=\"tooltip\">23% <span class=\"tooltiptext\"> (22% in the Autonomous Region of Madeira and 16% in the Autonomous Region of the Azores)<\/span><\/div>\n<p><\/td><td class=''>\u2605 <\/p>\n<div class=\"tooltip\">21% <span class=\"tooltiptext\"> (exept for the Canary Island where instead Canary Island General Indirect Tax (IGIC) applies; in the enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla sales tax applies)<\/span><\/div>\n<p><\/td><td class='avia-highlight-col'>0 &#8211; 22%<\/td><td class=''>19%<\/td><td class=''>none<\/td><td class=''>23%<\/td><\/tr><tr class=''><th class='avia-desc-col'>Types of entities:<\/th><td class=''>\u2605 <\/p>\n<div class=\"tooltip\">9 different ones <span class=\"tooltiptext\"> Individual Entrepreneur, <br \/> Individual Limited Liability Establishment (E.I.R.L.), <br \/> Sole proprietorship by shares, <br \/> General Partnership, <br \/> Limited partnership (Em Comandita)  <br \/> Private Limited Company (LDA), <br \/> Cooperative, <br \/> Association; <br \/> Not firmatary of Aja Convention on Trusts.<\/span><\/div>\n<p><\/td><td class=''>\u2605 <\/p>\n<div class=\"tooltip\">9 different ones <span class=\"tooltiptext\"> Self-employed (Aut\u00f3nomo); Limited Liability Company (Sociedad Limitada SL); Public Company (Sociedad An\u00f3nima SA); Partnership (Societad colectiva); Cooperative (Sociedad Cooperativa); Limited Partnership (Sociedad Comanditaria); Non-profit Foundations;  Public Utility Associations. Trust despite Spain is a non-firmatary of Aja Convention on Trusts<\/span><\/div>\n<p><\/td><td class='avia-highlight-col'>\u2605 <\/p>\n<div class=\"tooltip\">7 different ones <span class=\"tooltiptext\"> Private limited company (O\u00dc),<br \/>\nPublic limited company (AS),<br \/>\nLimited partnership (U\u00dc),<br \/>\nGeneral partnership (T\u00dc),<br \/>\nCommercial association,<br \/>\nNonprofit organization (MT\u00dc),<br \/>\nSole proprietorship (FIE)<\/span><\/div>\n<p><\/td><td class=''>\u2605 <\/p>\n<div class=\"tooltip\">9 different ones <span class=\"tooltiptext\"> Private Limited Company (GMBH), Public Limited Company (AG), Entrepreneurial Company at Limited Liability (UG), Sole Proprietors, General Partnership (OHG), Limited Partnership (KG), Charitable LLC (GGMBH), Association (EV), Foundation (Stiftung). Trusts are not recognised in Germany as non-firmatary of Aja Convention on Trusts.<\/span><\/div>\n<p><\/td><td class=''>\u2605 <\/p>\n<div class=\"tooltip\">8 different ones <span class=\"tooltiptext\"> Limited Liability Company,<br \/>\nCorporation,<br \/>\nLimited Liability partnership,<br \/>\nLimited partnership,<br \/>\nGeneral partnership,<br \/>\nDelaware statutory trust,<br \/>\nJoint venture,<br \/>\nSole proprietorship<\/span><\/div>\n<p><\/td><td class=''>\u2605 <\/p>\n<div class=\"tooltip\">3 different ones <span class=\"tooltiptext\"> Limited liability company,<br \/>\nUnlimited company,<br \/>\nInvestment Fund<\/span><\/div>\n<p><\/td><\/tr><tr class=''><th class='avia-desc-col'>Public Registry of Ultimate Beneficiary Owners:<\/th><td class=''><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"> Partially accessible (practitioners)<\/td><td class=''><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"> Transparency Register (Registro de Titularidades Reales) available with restrictions<\/td><td class='avia-highlight-col'>Yes<\/td><td class=''>Yes<\/td><td class=''>No<\/td><td class=''>Yes<\/td><\/tr><tr class=''><th class='avia-desc-col'>Public Registry of Companies:<\/th><td class=''><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"> Limited access<\/td><td class=''><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"> Limited access through payable service<\/td><td class='avia-highlight-col'>Yes<\/td><td class=''>Yes<\/td><td class=''>No<\/td><td class=''>Yes<\/td><\/tr><tr class=''><th class='avia-desc-col'>Time of incorporation: <\/th><td class=''>\u2605 <\/p>\n<div class=\"tooltip\">Normally 10 days<span class=\"tooltiptext\"> The new \u201cEmpresa na hora\u201d (\u201cCompany in one hour\u201d) service set up by the Government of Portugal allows to register a business in just one day where the shareholders are EU-residents, but validation of company name can take nonetheless even 15 days. 15 days from company creation in order to enable the new company to access all public services. Shelf company possible.<\/span><\/div>\n<p><\/td><td class=''>\u2605 <\/p>\n<div class=\"tooltip\">Usually 2 weeks<span class=\"tooltiptext\"> Time taken by the Register may vary from province to province. All company all directors and shareholders of the company need must apply first to a Spanish Tax Identification Number (NIE) which also can take some days. Shelf company possible.<\/span><\/div>\n<p><\/td><td class='avia-highlight-col'>Starting form 15 min.<\/td><td class=''>\u2605 <\/p>\n<div class=\"tooltip\"> From 3 to 8 weeks + 2-3 weeks for application to Tax, VAT and EORI.<span class=\"tooltiptext\"> Time varies from municipality to municipality. Shelf company possible<\/span><\/div>\n<p><\/td><td class=''>Starting from 2 days.<\/td><td class=''>1-3 working days<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><style type='text\/css'>.avia-table-1 td:nth-of-type(0):before { content: ''; } .avia-table-1 td:nth-of-type(1):before { content: '\ud83c\uddf5\ud83c\uddf9 PORTUGAL'; } .avia-table-1 td:nth-of-type(2):before { content: '\ud83c\uddea\ud83c\uddf8 SPAIN'; } .avia-table-1 td:nth-of-type(3):before { content: '\ud83c\uddea\ud83c\uddea ESTONIA'; } .avia-table-1 td:nth-of-type(4):before { content: '\ud83c\udde9\ud83c\uddea GERMANY'; } .avia-table-1 td:nth-of-type(5):before { content: '\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf8 DELAWARE'; } .avia-table-1 td:nth-of-type(6):before { content: '\ud83c\uddee\ud83c\uddea IRELAND'; } <\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-87gpwp-68e252cb12dd93ac880678f15d177601 av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-9  el_after_av_table  el_before_av_three_fifth  first flex_column_div  '     ><\/div>\n<div  class='flex_column av-5o3yuh-6d2f987b193158b23cd5f66fe8d58fb0 av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-10  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_one_fifth  flex_column_div  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lnn1risl-196bb5968a4af7c887f68f277bbdc1dc\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-lnn1risl-196bb5968a4af7c887f68f277bbdc1dc{\nheight:50px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-lnn1risl-196bb5968a4af7c887f68f277bbdc1dc hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-11  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-llqnqn40-814ba3b6965ee1afac4dcd5e94b8f456 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h3>Main benefits of each jurisdiction to establish a company:<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\ud83c\uddf5\ud83c\uddf9 PORTUGAL<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>100% participation exemption on dividents and the sale of securities and investments in foreign companies (holding company regime for >10% and 12months shareholding)<\/li>\n<li>Special regime for foreign pensioners moving to Portugal<\/li>\n<li>Access to EU directives<\/li>\n<li>Branch exemption regime option<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\ud83c\uddea\ud83c\uddf8 SPAIN<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>95% participation exemption on dividents and the sale of securities and investments in Spanish and foreign companies (holding company regime for >5% and 12months shareholding)<\/li>\n<li>Optional \u2018imputation tax\u2019 system for foreign tax for elimination of double taxation<\/li>\n<li>Access to EU directives<\/li>\n<li>Special regimes for dividend and capital gains when the dividends\/capital gains exceed 70% of the company\u2019s gross income.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\ud83c\uddea\ud83c\uddea ESTONIA<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Full participation exemption for dividend income for qualifying holdings<\/li>\n<li>No withholding tax on outbound dividends paid to non-residents<\/li>\n<li>No exchange control regulations<\/li>\n<li>No thin capitalization rules<\/li>\n<li>Access to EU directives<\/li>\n<li>Large number of Double Tax Treaties<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\ud83c\udde9\ud83c\uddea GERMANY<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>95% participation exemption on sale of securities<\/li>\n<li>Large number of Double Tax Treaties signed<\/li>\n<li>Access to EU directives<\/li>\n<li>Exemption with progression system for elimination of double taxation in the majority of Double Tax Treaties ratified by Germany<\/li>\n<li>Flexible and stable tax and legal system<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf8 DELAWARE<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Delaware is not considered as offshore jurisdiction<\/li>\n<li>Beneficial tax treatment for business performed outside the state<\/li>\n<li>Low annual fees and simple maintenance of a company<\/li>\n<li>No requirements regarding disclosure of information about the UBO<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\ud83c\uddee\ud83c\uddea IRELAND<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Pro-business stable and country<\/li>\n<li>Economy is the fastest growing in the Eurozone<\/li>\n<li>One of the lowest Corporation Tax rates in the world -12,5%<\/li>\n<li>Excellent holding company location<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='hr av-nmet5-dcb25053ae2c02e763502b94647867f4 hr-default  avia-builder-el-13  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-lnn1swjx-aca85742f37bac1cb8975becc0e4474e '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h3>Example calculation for corporation Tax for Germany:<\/h3>\n<table width=\"896\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"444\"><strong>Example calculation for Corporations (Berlin)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"452\"><strong>Example calculation for Corporations (Hannover)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"444\">Trade income (profit): 100,000 Euro<\/td>\n<td width=\"452\">Trade income (profit): 100,000 Euro<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"444\">Federal corporation tax: 15,825 Euro<\/td>\n<td width=\"452\">Federal corporation tax: 15,825 Euro<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Trade Tax calculation:<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Trade Tax calculation:<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"444\">Trade tax amount to 3,500 Euro<\/td>\n<td width=\"452\">Trade tax amount to 3,500 Euro<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"444\">x multiplier (Berlin) 410%<\/td>\n<td width=\"452\">x multiplier (Hannover) 600%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"444\">Trade tax 14,350 Euro<\/td>\n<td width=\"452\">Trade tax 21,000 Euro<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"444\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Total tax: 30,175 Euro<\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"452\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Total tax: 36,825 Euro<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/br><\/p>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<h4>Municipal Multiplier % (Hebes\u00e4tze):<\/h4>\n<p>Berlin 410%, Bremen 460%, Hamburg 470%, Leipzig 460%, Dresden 450%, Hanover 600%, M\u00fcnchen 490%, N\u00fcrnberg 467%, Stuttgart 420%, Frankfurt 400%, Bonn 490%, K\u00f6ln 475%, D\u00fcsseldorf 440%, Essen 380%, Dortmund 485%, Duisburg 520%, M\u00fcnster 460%, Bielefeld 480 %<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='hr av-4vkvjd-5187842f00213c76696406e1c3234a8c hr-default  avia-builder-el-15  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-2uccex-d4dc2e8b827edae2a23854354b852711 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In conclusion, each jurisdiction offers its unique set of advantages and challenges when it comes to establishing a company. From varying corporation tax rates to distinct benefits like participation exemptions and access to EU directives, businesses must weigh their priorities before making a decision. It&#8217;s essential to consider not just the tax rates but also the ease of incorporation, types of entities available, and disclosure rules.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-llywob2b-e1837231e9cc72e1efd8ffb3027c4ae2\">\n.av_promobox.av-llywob2b-e1837231e9cc72e1efd8ffb3027c4ae2{\ncolor:#ffffff;\nbackground-color:#ff4800;\nborder-style:none;\nborder-radius:10px 10px 10px 10px;\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av_promobox av-llywob2b-e1837231e9cc72e1efd8ffb3027c4ae2 avia-button-yes  avia-builder-el-17  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last '><div class='avia-promocontent'><p>\n<strong>Discover the Silva Hunt Advantage!<\/strong><br \/>\nLooking to establish a location-independent company in Estonia with e-Residency? Let Silva Hunt guide you through the process. Our team of experts is well-versed in the nuances of each jurisdiction and can help you make an informed decision. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/#contactanc\" target=\"_new\">Contact us<\/a> today to find out how we can assist you in setting up your dream company seamlessly.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/div><div  class='avia-button-wrap av-llywob2b-8422ce4771e8b4b8e32908b7eeb070c6-wrap avia-button-right '><a href='https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/#contactanc'  class='avia-button av-llywob2b-8422ce4771e8b4b8e32908b7eeb070c6 av-link-btn avia-icon_select-no avia-size-large avia-position-right avia-color-theme-color'  target=\"_blank\"  rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"  aria-label=\"CONTACT US\"><span class='avia_iconbox_title' >CONTACT US<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/p><\/div><div  class='flex_column av-3xdqjt-171f132180582b190f91b66cfd950d78 av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-18  el_after_av_three_fifth  el_before_av_hr  flex_column_div  '     ><\/div><\/p>\n<div  class='hr av-2e8zxl-734a1eb244f90e60ca639bd4385e13aa hr-default  avia-builder-el-19  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_blog '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div  data-slideshow-options=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fade&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:false,&quot;loop_autoplay&quot;:&quot;once&quot;,&quot;interval&quot;:5,&quot;loop_manual&quot;:&quot;manual-endless&quot;,&quot;autoplay_stopper&quot;:false,&quot;noNavigation&quot;:false,&quot;show_slide_delay&quot;:90}\" class='avia-content-slider avia-content-grid-active avia-content-slider1 avia-content-slider-odd  avia-builder-el-20  el_after_av_hr  avia-builder-el-last  av-slideshow-ui av-control-default   av-no-slider-navigation av-slideshow-manual av-loop-once av-loop-manual-endless '  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Blog\" ><div class=\"avia-content-slider-inner\"><div class=\"slide-entry-wrap\"><article class='slide-entry flex_column  post-entry post-entry-11527 slide-entry-overview slide-loop-1 slide-parity-odd  av_one_third first real-thumbnail posttype-post post-format-standard'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><a href='https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/it\/business-in-estonia\/taxes\/estonia-dividend-tax-rate\/' data-rel='slide-1' class='slide-image' title='Estonia Dividend Tax Rate\u00a0'><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" width=\"495\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/stylish-elegant-people-car-salon-1-495x400.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-11530 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-11530 attachment-portfolio size-portfolio wp-post-image\" alt=\"Estonia Dividend Tax Rate\u00a0\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/stylish-elegant-people-car-salon-1-495x400.jpg 495w, https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/stylish-elegant-people-car-salon-1-845x684.jpg 845w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 495px) 100vw, 495px\" \/><\/a><div class=\"slide-content\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\" aria-label=\"Diapositiva: Estonia Dividend Tax Rate\u00a0\"><span class=\"blog-categories minor-meta\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/it\/category\/business-in-estonia\/taxes\/\" rel=\"tag\">Taxes<\/a> <\/span><h3 class='slide-entry-title entry-title '  itemprop=\"headline\" ><a href='https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/it\/business-in-estonia\/taxes\/estonia-dividend-tax-rate\/' title='Estonia Dividend Tax Rate\u00a0'>Estonia Dividend Tax Rate\u00a0<\/a><\/h3><span class=\"av-vertical-delimiter\"><\/span><\/header><div class='slide-entry-excerpt entry-content'  itemprop=\"text\" >For new e-residents, the bigger risk is usually not the Estonian rate itself, but misclassifying salary or board remuneration as dividends and ignoring home-country tax, permanent-establishment, or dual-residence exposure.<\/div><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><div class=\"slide-meta\"><time class='slide-meta-time updated'  itemprop=\"datePublished\" datetime=\"2026-04-10T15:48:55+03:00\" >Aprile 10, 2026<\/time><\/div><\/footer><span class='hidden'>\n\t\t\t\t<span class='av-structured-data'  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span itemprop='url'>https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/stylish-elegant-people-car-salon-1.jpg<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span itemprop='height'>1333<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span itemprop='width'>2000<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span class='av-structured-data'  itemprop=\"publisher\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Organization\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span itemprop='name'>Dariia Khimichenko<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span itemprop='logo' itemscope itemtype='https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span itemprop='url'>https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/logo-silva-svg.svg<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span><span class='av-structured-data'  itemprop=\"author\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Person\" ><span itemprop='name'>Dariia Khimichenko<\/span><\/span><span class='av-structured-data'  itemprop=\"datePublished\" datetime=\"2025-01-10T11:23:00+03:00\" >2026-04-10 15:48:55<\/span><span class='av-structured-data'  itemprop=\"dateModified\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/dateModified\" >2026-04-10 10:55:57<\/span><span class='av-structured-data'  itemprop=\"mainEntityOfPage\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/mainEntityOfPage\" ><span itemprop='name'>Estonia Dividend Tax Rate\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/article><article class='slide-entry flex_column  post-entry post-entry-11515 slide-entry-overview slide-loop-2 slide-parity-even  av_one_third  real-thumbnail posttype-post post-format-standard'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><a href='https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/it\/business-in-estonia\/estonian-e-residency-pros-and-cons-a-practical-guide-for-international-entrepreneurs\/' data-rel='slide-1' class='slide-image' title='Estonian e-Residency Pros and Cons: A Practical Guide for International Entrepreneurs\u00a0'><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" width=\"495\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/young-man-woman-working-laptop-open-space-co-working-office-room-1-495x400.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-11516 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-11516 attachment-portfolio size-portfolio wp-post-image\" alt=\"Understand Estonian e residency pros and cons, the real benefits, the hidden limits, and the steps founders should plan before opening a company.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/young-man-woman-working-laptop-open-space-co-working-office-room-1-495x400.jpg 495w, https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/young-man-woman-working-laptop-open-space-co-working-office-room-1-845x684.jpg 845w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 495px) 100vw, 495px\" \/><\/a><div class=\"slide-content\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\" aria-label=\"Diapositiva: Estonian e-Residency Pros and Cons: A Practical Guide for International Entrepreneurs\u00a0\"><span class=\"blog-categories minor-meta\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/it\/category\/business-in-estonia\/\" rel=\"tag\">Business in Estonia<\/a> <\/span><h3 class='slide-entry-title entry-title '  itemprop=\"headline\" ><a href='https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/it\/business-in-estonia\/estonian-e-residency-pros-and-cons-a-practical-guide-for-international-entrepreneurs\/' title='Estonian e-Residency Pros and Cons: A Practical Guide for International Entrepreneurs\u00a0'>Estonian e-Residency Pros and Cons: A Practical Guide for International Entrepreneurs\u00a0<\/a><\/h3><span class=\"av-vertical-delimiter\"><\/span><\/header><div class='slide-entry-excerpt entry-content'  itemprop=\"text\" >Estonian e-Residency gives international entrepreneurs a practical way to start and manage an EU company online, but it does not remove banking, tax, or compliance obligations. The real advantage comes when the business is structured correctly from the start, with ongoing support from experts like Silva Hunt.<\/div><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><div class=\"slide-meta\"><time class='slide-meta-time updated'  itemprop=\"datePublished\" datetime=\"2026-04-07T13:17:46+03:00\" >Aprile 7, 2026<\/time><\/div><\/footer><span class='hidden'>\n\t\t\t\t<span class='av-structured-data'  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span itemprop='url'>https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/young-man-woman-working-laptop-open-space-co-working-office-room-1.jpg<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span itemprop='height'>1333<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span itemprop='width'>2000<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span class='av-structured-data'  itemprop=\"publisher\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Organization\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span itemprop='name'>Dariia Khimichenko<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span itemprop='logo' itemscope itemtype='https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span itemprop='url'>https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/logo-silva-svg.svg<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span><span class='av-structured-data'  itemprop=\"author\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Person\" ><span itemprop='name'>Dariia Khimichenko<\/span><\/span><span class='av-structured-data'  itemprop=\"datePublished\" datetime=\"2025-01-10T11:23:00+03:00\" >2026-04-07 13:17:46<\/span><span class='av-structured-data'  itemprop=\"dateModified\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/dateModified\" >2026-04-06 09:32:57<\/span><span class='av-structured-data'  itemprop=\"mainEntityOfPage\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/mainEntityOfPage\" ><span itemprop='name'>Estonian e-Residency Pros and Cons: A Practical Guide for International Entrepreneurs\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/article><article class='slide-entry flex_column  post-entry post-entry-11504 slide-entry-overview slide-loop-3 slide-parity-odd  post-entry-last  av_one_third  real-thumbnail posttype-post post-format-standard'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><a href='https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/it\/business-in-estonia\/register-business-in-estonia-how-to-do-it-right-and-how-to-manage-it-after-registration\/' data-rel='slide-1' class='slide-image' title='Register Business in Estonia: How to Do It Right and How to Manage It After Registration'><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" width=\"495\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/middle-aged-business-woman-holding-documents-by-business-center-1-495x400.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-11505 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-11505 attachment-portfolio size-portfolio wp-post-image\" alt=\"Register Business in Estonia\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/middle-aged-business-woman-holding-documents-by-business-center-1-495x400.jpg 495w, https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/middle-aged-business-woman-holding-documents-by-business-center-1-845x684.jpg 845w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 495px) 100vw, 495px\" \/><\/a><div class=\"slide-content\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\" aria-label=\"Diapositiva: Register Business in Estonia: How to Do It Right and How to Manage It After Registration\"><span class=\"blog-categories minor-meta\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/it\/category\/business-in-estonia\/\" rel=\"tag\">Business in Estonia<\/a> <\/span><h3 class='slide-entry-title entry-title '  itemprop=\"headline\" ><a href='https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/it\/business-in-estonia\/register-business-in-estonia-how-to-do-it-right-and-how-to-manage-it-after-registration\/' title='Register Business in Estonia: How to Do It Right and How to Manage It After Registration'>Register Business in Estonia: How to Do It Right and How to Manage It After Registration<\/a><\/h3><span class=\"av-vertical-delimiter\"><\/span><\/header><div class='slide-entry-excerpt entry-content'  itemprop=\"text\" >Register business in Estonia is usually straightforward, but the real value comes from choosing the right company structure and preparing for accounting, tax, and compliance from the start. At Silva Hunt, we help founders set up their business correctly so it stays easy to manage after registration.<\/div><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><div class=\"slide-meta\"><time class='slide-meta-time updated'  itemprop=\"datePublished\" datetime=\"2026-04-03T16:42:26+03:00\" >Aprile 3, 2026<\/time><\/div><\/footer><span class='hidden'>\n\t\t\t\t<span class='av-structured-data'  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span itemprop='url'>https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/middle-aged-business-woman-holding-documents-by-business-center-1.jpg<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span itemprop='height'>1333<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span itemprop='width'>2000<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span class='av-structured-data'  itemprop=\"publisher\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Organization\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span itemprop='name'>Dariia Khimichenko<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span itemprop='logo' itemscope itemtype='https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span itemprop='url'>https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/logo-silva-svg.svg<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span><span class='av-structured-data'  itemprop=\"author\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Person\" ><span itemprop='name'>Dariia Khimichenko<\/span><\/span><span class='av-structured-data'  itemprop=\"datePublished\" datetime=\"2025-01-10T11:23:00+03:00\" >2026-04-03 16:42:26<\/span><span class='av-structured-data'  itemprop=\"dateModified\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/dateModified\" >2026-03-30 16:58:19<\/span><span class='av-structured-data'  itemprop=\"mainEntityOfPage\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/mainEntityOfPage\" ><span itemprop='name'>Register Business in Estonia: How to Do It Right and How to Manage It After Registration<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/article><\/div><\/div><div class='pagination-wrap pagination-slider'><nav class='pagination'><span class='pagination-meta'>Pagina 1 di 24<\/span><span class='current'>1<\/span><a href='https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6793\/?avia-element-paging=2' class='inactive next_page' >2<\/a><a href='https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6793\/?avia-element-paging=3' class='inactive' >3<\/a><a href='https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6793\/?avia-element-paging=2'>&rsaquo;<\/a><a href='https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6793\/?avia-element-paging=24'>&raquo;<\/a><\/nav>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Esplora le complessit\u00e0 della costituzione di una societ\u00e0 in quattro importanti giurisdizioni europee: Germania, Spagna, Portogallo ed Estonia. Questa guida completa approfondisce le strutture fiscali delle societ\u00e0, i vantaggi giurisdizionali e i tipi di entit\u00e0 disponibili in ogni regione. Prendi una decisione informata per il futuro della tua azienda grazie al nostro confronto dettagliato.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":6846,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[33],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6793","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-taxes"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v23.4 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The best jurisdiction to establish a company - detailed comparison | Silva Hunt<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Discover the best jurisdiction to establish a company with our detailed comparison of Germany, Spain, Portugal, and Estonia.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/it\/affari-in-estonia\/tasse\/confronto-tra-le-giurisdizioni-per-la-costituzione-di-una-societa\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"it_IT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Comparison of jurisdictions to establish a company - Germany, Spain, Portugal, Estonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Discover the best jurisdiction to establish a company with our detailed comparison of Germany, Spain, Portugal, and Estonia.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/it\/affari-in-estonia\/tasse\/confronto-tra-le-giurisdizioni-per-la-costituzione-di-una-societa\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Silva Hunt\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/SilvaHunt.ee\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-01-10T08:23:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-01-13T20:30:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.silvahunt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/comparison-of-jurisdictions-to-establish-a-company-germany-spain-portugal-estonia.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1400\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"787\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Kaspar Karik\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@silva_hunt\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@silva_hunt\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Scritto da\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Kaspar Karik\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tempo di lettura stimato\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minuti\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.silvahunt.ee\\\/business-in-estonia\\\/taxes\\\/comparison-of-jurisdictions-to-establish-a-company\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.silvahunt.ee\\\/business-in-estonia\\\/taxes\\\/comparison-of-jurisdictions-to-establish-a-company\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Kaspar Karik\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.silvahunt.ee\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/26a5b57793a825ed41b4e715b4bad88e\"},\"headline\":\"Comparison of jurisdictions to establish a company &#8211; 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